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### 32.3 Mail Aliases

You can define mail aliases, which are short mnemonic names that stand for one or more mailing addresses. By default, mail aliases are defined in the file `~/.mailrc`. You can specify a different file name to use, by setting the variable `mail-personal-alias-file`.

To define an alias in `.mailrc`, write a line like this:

    alias nick fulladdresses

This means that nick should expand into fulladdresses, where fulladdresses can be either a single address, or multiple addresses separated with spaces. For instance, to make `maingnu` stand for `gnu@gnu.org` plus a local address of your own, put in this line:

    alias maingnu gnu@gnu.org local-gnu

If an address contains a space, quote the whole address with a pair of double quotes, like this:

    alias jsmith "John Q. Smith <none@example.com>"

Note that you need not include double quotes around individual parts of the address, such as the person’s full name. Emacs puts them in if they are needed. For instance, it inserts the above address as ‘`"John Q. Smith" <none@example.com>`’.

Emacs also recognizes include commands in `.mailrc`. They look like this:

    source filename

The `.mailrc` file is not unique to Emacs; many other mail-reading programs use it for mail aliases, and it can contain various other commands. However, Emacs ignores everything except alias definitions and include commands.

Mail aliases expand as abbrevs—that is to say, as soon as you type a word-separator character after an alias (see Abbrevs). This expansion takes place only within the ‘`To`’, ‘`From`’, ‘`CC`’, ‘`BCC`’, and ‘`Reply-to`’ header fields (plus their ‘`Resent-`’ variants); it does not take place in other header fields, such as ‘`Subject`’.

You can also insert an aliased address directly, using the command `M-x mail-abbrev-insert-alias`. This reads an alias name, with completion, and inserts its definition at point.

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